2019湖南高考英语试题及答案解析（word精校版）

绝密★启用前

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)

英 语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.

B. B. £9.18.

C. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?

A. In a classroom.

B. In a hospital.

C.In a museum.

2.What does Jack want to do?

A. Take fitness classes.

B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.

C. Change his work schedule.

3.What are the speakers talking about?

A. What to drink.

B. Where to meet

C. When to leave.

4.What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Colleges.

B. Classmates.

C. Strangers.

5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?

A. She might want a ticket.

B. She is looking for the man.

C. She has an extra ticket.

第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.How long did James run his business?

A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.

7.How does the woman feel about James' situation?

A. Embarrassed.B. Concerned.C. Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.What has Kate's mother decided to do?

A. Return to school.B. Change her job.C. Retire from work.

9.What did Kate's mother study at college?

A. Oil painting.B. Art history.C. Business administration.

10.What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?

A. Disapproving.B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.What is the man doing?

A. Chairing a meeting.

B. Hosting a radio program.

C. Conducting a job interview.

12.What benefits Mary most in her job?

A. Her wide reading.B. Her leaders' guidance.C. Her friends' help

13.Who will Mary talk about next?

A. Her teacher.B. Her father C. Her mother.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?

A. He lacks motivation.

B. He has a heart problem.

C. He works all the time.

15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?

A. He's an athlete. B. He's a researcher.C. He's a journalist.

16.Why does the woman speak of a study?

A. To encourage the man.

B. To recommend an exercise.

C. To support her findings.

17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?

A.300 minutes.B.150 minute.C.75 minutes.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.What did the scientists do to the road?

A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it

19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?

A. It's warm.B. It's brown. C. It's smooth.

20.What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?

A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.

B. To help students study the birds well.

C. To prevent the birds from being killed.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Need a Job This Summer?

The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.

Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.

Jobs for Youth

If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.

Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).

Summer Company

Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.

Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.

Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.

Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.

21. What is special about Summer Company?

A. It requires no training before employment.

B. It provides awards for running new businesses.

C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.

D. It offers more summer job opportunities.

22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?

A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29.D.16-17.

23. Which program favors the disabled?

A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.

C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.

D. Summer Employment Opportunities.

B

For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.

But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.

A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.

Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”

Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.

“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”

24. What made Chris nervous?

A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.

C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.

25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.

26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.

A. help students see their own strengths

B. assess students’ public speaking skills

C. prepare students for their future jobs

D. inspire students’ love for politics

27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?

A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring.D. Demanding.

C

As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.

It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.

In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.

28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?

A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing

C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.

29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?

A. Computers are much easier to operate.

B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.

C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.

D. Data security measures are guaranteed.

30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?all 1o soisgitieoco oll.

A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.

C. It'll be made of plastics. D. It'll help speed up typing.

31. Where is this text most likely from?

A. A diary. B.A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine.

D

During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.

Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”

In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."

Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.

In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.

32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?

A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.

33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. The classification of the popular.

B. The characteristics of adolescents.

C. The importance of interpersonal skills.

D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.

34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?

A. They appeared to be aggressive.

B. They tended to be more adaptable.

C. They enjoyed the highest status.

D. They performed well academically.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last

B. The Higher the Status, the Beer

C. Be the Best-You Can Make It

D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?

We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.

37 If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.

Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.

40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.

A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.

B. So what are you waiting for?

C. Being in nature refreshes us.

D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?

F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.

G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.

Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.

However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .

The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.

Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I 选自.网上补课 www.dushuv.com found the opposite to be true.

41. A. keepB. mix C. connect D. bring

42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters

43. A. positionB. ageC. face D. name

44. A. silentB. skeptical C. serious D. crazy

45. A. discoverB. argue C. decide D. advocate

46. A. equipment B. grassC. camps D. stones

47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean

48. A. newB. special C. significant D. necessary

49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away

50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight

51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded

52. A. viewB. quality C. reasonD. purpose

53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials

54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to

55. A. changes B. clears C. improvesD. permits

56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add

57. A. village B. desert C. roadD. lake

58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally

59. A. permanent B. littleC. fresh D. artificial

60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. saveD. acquire

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：

1.写信目的：

2.个人优势：

3.能做的事情。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3.结束语已为你写好。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

全国卷一英语答案解析

A

【文章大意】本文提供了学生们在假期可以参与的几个项目，以增加他们的工作经验。

B 【解析：根据文中“Summer Holiday”部分中“run their own summer business”可知选B。其他三项均未提及。】

D【解析：根据文中“Stewardship Youth Ranger Program”部分中第二段“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire.”可知选D。】

D【解析：由题干提取关键词语“the disabled”，根据最后“Summer Employment Opportunities（机会）”中最后一词“disability”可知选D。】

B

【文章大意】本文通过Chris从不敢发言到当众演讲的转变，引出了Whaley为了激发孩子们自信心而设计的教学方法。

B【解析：根据第二段段首“But he’s nervous,”可知答案在此句前后。由第一段末尾“public speaking”可知选B。】

A【解析：A意为不必要的停顿；B意为高傲无礼；C意为拼写错误；D意为无聊、愚蠢的笑话。由于文章背景为“speech day”，Chris正在做演讲，且前文提到他因过于紧张而支支吾吾，所以选A。】

A【解析：根据文章第五段可知，Whaley从一次和学生的互动中感受到学生们对自己并没有信心。从而产生“want these kids to learn to boast（夸耀） about themselves”的想法，故选A。易误选B，但由该段“more than just learning to read and speak in public”可排除。】

C【解析：由第四段“a great teacher to lets you make mistakes”和第五段Whaley对学生们缺乏自信感到担忧并设法帮助他们正视自己。】

C

【文章大意】本文对于新兴的生物测量技术进行了简单介绍。

D【解析：第一段末尾提及“to keep others out of private e-spaces”和“are still expensive”，紧接着第二段讲“they have come up with a low-cut device（装置）”，由此可知D项符合。】

C【解析：由第二段“This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏） with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key”可知smart keyboard 是基于对用户的打字习惯的信息收集从而达到保护用户隐私的作用。不同用户的打字习惯就是smart keyboard根据操作者的行为进行防护的主要标准，故选C。】

B【解析：由最后一段“The team hops to make it to market in the near future.”可知“尽快投入市场”是最大期望，故选B。】

D【解析：由关键词“biometric（生物测量） technologies”等可知本文是一片科技类说明文，故可在杂志上看到。】

D

【文章大意】本篇文章对于学生们“在学校的受欢迎程度”进行了调查和研究，说明“令人喜爱”这一特质更容易使人受益。

C【解析：由文章第一段首句中“enjoy sharing my dolls and jokes”可知选C.Generous（慷慨的，大方的）。】

A【解析：第二段讲述了Mitch Prinstein将popular分为两类：the likable和the status seekers。因此选A。】

B【解析：由第三段可知，A选项“be more aggressive”时the least well-liked kids的特点，故排除A。由第二段“Those who were highest in status in high school,as well as those least liked in elementary school...”可排除C选项。D项未提及。】

A【辨析：根据文章内容，B项内容错误。C项和D项与文章内容无关，故选A。】

七选五

【文章大意】本文对新鲜空气的作用提出了新的论点。

E【解析：根据后文“the answer is a big YES”可知此处是个一般疑问句。】

A【解析：根据该段中“your body”“your muscles（肌肉）”“your brain”可知此空选涉及到“our lungs”的A项。】

G【解析：由空后的“patients”可知该处应与医院等疗养地相关，故选G。】

C【解析：该段段首提到了“the connection between and the natural world and healing（治愈）”，空前也提及了可从窗外看到自然景色的病人会比只看到高楼和楼间狭窄天空的病人痊愈更快，故选C。】

D【解析：由空后“sun’s rays”可知句首应选含“sunlight”的D项。】

完型

【文章大意】本文就游客对乞力马扎罗山自然环境的破坏展开论述，对山体环境进行介绍，意在引起人们对于自然环境的重视。

D【解析：前文提到了很多人去游览乞力马扎罗山，由此可推测该空是说游客将垃圾废物带到了山上。keep with意为“把……与……放一起”；mix with意为“（使）与……混合/结合”；connect with意为“与……连接”。】

C【解析：前文说每年有大约四万人游览乞力马扎罗山，因此此处是指游客所造成的破坏。】

C【解析：由主句句意“冰川融化”可知人类的活动影响了地貌。】

B【解析：be skeptical about意为“怀疑”。此处是指作者通过游客对自然环境的破坏而对“（游览）乞力马扎罗山是更纯正的自然之行”这一说法的怀疑。】

A【解析：由后文内容“find a...mountain,with toilets”可知，此处作者是“发现”情况有所改观。】

C【解析：前文已经提到了在大量负面新闻的播报之后，情形有所改变，且后文近况提到“with toilets at camps and along the paths”，因此此处应相对应为camps among rubbish。】

D【解析：后文举了营地和小路附近设置了洗手间的例子，故此处指山地变得干净了。】

C【解析：new 新的；special 特殊的；significant 重要的，显著的，有重大意义的；；necessary 必要的。significant此处修饰来自环境方面的挑战，则由“显著的，明显的”引申为“严重的”。】

A【解析：pay off意为“付清；（付清工资后）解雇；（非正式）取得成功”；spread out意为“伸展；分散；铺设”；blow up意为“（使）爆炸；爆发；发怒；fade away意为“消失；衰退；消散”。】

B【解析：由前文第二段“natural experience”可知此处对应选B。】

D【解析：be regarded as 被视为。此处指很多文化都将山峰作为一种精神的象征和信仰等。】

A【解析：空前的this提示此处是承接上句进行详细分析。此处指这种对于山峰的敬畏、崇敬等精神寄托在乞力马扎罗山上更为明显。】

B【解析：A项意为“科学家们”；B项意为“登山者们”；C项意为“当地人们”；D项意为“官员们”。由“go though five ecosystems”可知，需要经历以千米计的行程、跨过五种生态系统的人们更可能是登山者。】

D【解析：hold on to意为“坚持”；go back to意为“回到”；live up to意为“达到（高）标准；不辜负”；give way to意为“让路”。前文提到最下方是雨林，空后提到的是灌木类，后文环境变成了草地。由此可见是指自然环境的变化，故选D。】

A【解析：破折号后提及云朵低垂覆住了山腰，且生长的植物类型从高大乔木变成了草。所以选A，气候的变化导致了这类景观的出现。】

C【解析：前文提到了不同海拔位置的不同植物，且空后提到了“green”，因此指作者从所处的位置“数出了”十二种不同形态的绿色，即植物种类。】

B【解析：由空后例举的gravel（砂石），stone（石头）和rocks（山岩）可知此处的地貌为高原沙漠，故选B。】

D【解析：由后文讲到出现冰雪可知已经达到了接近峰顶的部分，故选D。】

A【解析：permanent意为“永恒的；不变的”；little意为“小的；少的”；fresh意为“新鲜的”；artificial意为“人造的”。根据前面“arctic-like”可知此处指像极地一样亘古不化的冰雪。】

B【解析：enjoy意为“享受”；deserve意为“应受；值得”；save意为“节省；拯救”；acquire意为“获取；得到”。由后文“opposite is true”可知前一句的否定意义才是事实。故排除C和D。enjoy a reputation常指享有美誉，故不适合。】

语法填空

that【解析：空后句子成分完整，故此处为同位语从句，用that连接。】

poorly【解析：此空修饰后面的studied，故用副词形式。】

of/for【解析：method后接of 或for 表示某种问题的解决办法。】

to perform【解析：该空所处部分中，其主语依旧为Modern methods，其对应谓语为are expensive，空后部分为状语，故用不定式形式。】

have reported【解析：由句子前面“In recent years”和句意可知用现在完成时态。】

belief【解析：由空前的冠词a 可知此处用名词形式。】

noting【解析：空前by是介词，故此处要用动名词形式。】

higher【解析：由空后的than 可知此处要用比较级形式。】

the【解析：此句是将of放在句首以强调，还原之后应该是“three of the nineteen...”“six of the nineteen...”等，故填定冠词。】

are【解析：根据前文“three are”可知此处用are。six代表的是19个亚群中的六个，是复数含义。】

短文改错

interesting改为interested【解析：become interested in为固定搭配，意为“开始对……感兴趣”。】

where改为when【解析：此处为时间状语从句，表示是作者在上小学时的一个下午。】

football前加a【解析：football为可数名词且不是适用零冠词的特殊用法，故前面用a。】

but改为and【解析：but前后内容“球飞来”和“差点打到我”不构成转折，故改为and。】

hardly改为hard【解析：hard本身可做副词，此处意为“猛力地”。hardly意为“几乎不”。】

surprising改为surprise【解析：to one’s surprise为固定用法，意为“令某人惊讶的是”。】

player改为players【解析：前有All the 修饰，且player为可数名词，故此处用复数形式。】

say改为saying【解析：此处为非谓语动词作状语的用法。say为队员主动发出的动作，所以用分词形式。】

now改为then【解析：前文均在讲述过去的事情，且此处意为从那次足球事件之后作者开始踢足球，所以讲now改为then。】

play my football去掉my【解析：此处为固定用法，指进行足球运动，故去掉my。】

作文

本篇作文考察的文体是书信体，考生需要明确书信体的标准格式（称呼、问候语等）。写作内容方面绝对不可以丢掉所给的三个方面中任意一点。同时排版方面也要注意分段分点，使文章整体看起来思路清楚、逻辑严密。