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英语八大时态总结表 基本句型结构与用法

栏目:高中英语时间:2019-06-23

学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山,因此,时态的学习至关重要!很多学生认为时态的种类太多,总是太容易记混。今天,小编在此整理了最常见的8大时态,欢迎阅读参考。

英语八大时态

八大时态基本用法总结

八大时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时、过去将来时

一般现在时

1.概念:指经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3.基本结构:动词+ 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)

4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6.例句:. It seldom snows here.

He is always ready to help others.

Action speaks louder than words.

7.特殊用法:一些动词可用一般现在时来表达现在进行时:

verbs of the senses: hear,选自.高考辅导 www.dushuv.com see,taste,smell

verbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember

verbs of the linking: dislike,fear,hate,like,love,want

verbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess

一般过去时

1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

3.基本结构:含有Be动词主语+was/were+......

不含有be动词:主语+动词过去式+......

4.否定句:带be:主语+was/were not+动词原形+......

不带be:主语+didn't+动词原形+......

5.一般疑问句:含be动词was或were放于句首;

不含be动词用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词原型。

6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.

I didn't know you were so busy.

She sang a song of Lin Feng yesterday[1].

现在进行时

1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

3.基本结构:Be动词、am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式:Be动词、am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于疑问词的后面。

6.例句:How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.

7. 一般表示位移的词如leave fly arrive go come. 等用现在进行时表将来。

I am flying Beijing next week .表示我下周即将飞往北京。

He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 他明天即将去北京。

过去进行时

1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构:was/were + doing

4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

现在完成时

1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

3.基本结构:have/has + done

4.否定形式:have/has + not + done.

5.一般疑问句:have或has提前。

6.例句:I've written an article.

It has been raining these days.

过去完成时

1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),by the time...,etc.

3.基本结构:had + done.

4.否定形式:had + not + done.

5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。

6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

一般将来时

1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本结构:am/is/are + going to + do;will/shall + do.

4.否定形式:am/is/are + not+going to; 在行为动词前加will/shall(will适用于所有人称,shall只用于第一人称)

5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

It is going to rain.

I think he will be back soon

过去将来时

1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

3.基本结构:was/were + going to + do;would/should + do.

4.否定形式:was/were + not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.

I asked who was going there .

初中英语语法八大时态

一、一般现在时:

基本结构:①动词原形 ②主语三单:动词原形+s/es

三种常考基本用法:1、经常性和习惯性动作

Eg. I always get up early.

2、客观事实和普遍真理

Eg. The earth goes around the sun.

3、在时间状语从句及条件状语从句中,一般现在表将来

If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic.

其中,第三种用法就是学生们熟知的"主将从现"的原则,这一点大家务必掌握,此知识点会在初二学习,同时也是中考重要考点.

常见时间状语:

always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc.

二、一般过去时:

基本结构:动词的过去式

基本用法:

1、过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态

Eg. I got up late yesterday.

2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作

Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.

常见时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc.

三、一般将来时:

基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

基本用法:

am/is/are/going to + do

1、(人)计划打算做某事

Eg. I'm going to go shopping with my mom tomorrow.

2、(事)即将发生

Eg. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain.

will/shall do

1、将来的动作和状态(相对较长远)

Eg. You'll have your own house in the future.

2、礼貌询问、客气邀请

Eg. Will you go with me?

3、意愿

Eg. I will do it for you.

常见时间状语:tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+时间段(格外注意),etc.

四、现在进行时:

基本结构:am/is/are+现在分词

基本用法:1、此时此刻正在进行的动作

Eg. I am writing a letter now.

2、现阶段正在进行的动作

Eg. I am reading a book these days.

常见时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

五、过去进行时:

基本结构:was/were+现在分词

基本用法:1、过去某时刻正在进行的动作

Eg. He was playing computer games when his father came home.

2、过去某时段正在进行的动作

Eg. He was doing his homework while his mother was cooking.

常见时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等.

六、过去将来时:

基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.

基本用法:从过去时间点看将来,常用于宾语从句中.

Eg. He said that he would marry her.

常见时间状语:the next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

七、现在完成时:

基本结构:have/has + 过去分词

基本用法:

1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

Eg. I have finished my homework.

2、过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态

Eg. We have waited for her for 2 hours.

常见时间状语:recently, lately, so far, up to now, since+时间点,for+时间段, in the past few years, etc.

现在完成时是考试中的重点也是难点,同学们需要格外加强.特别注意瞬间动词和延续性动词的转化问题,具体会在课程中详细讲解,在此不加以赘述.

八、过去完成时:

基本结构:had + 过去分词

基本用法:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,即"过去的过去".

Eg. Just before the English class, I suddenly realized that I had left my English textbook at home.

常见时间状语:before, after, by the end of last year(month…),etc.

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